Amakuru - Flamed Stone Finish: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye ku bwiza buteye ubwoba ku mabuye karemano

Irangi ry'Amabuye Rifite Umuriro Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bw'Imiterere y'Amabuye Asanzwe

Ibyerekeye Umwanditsi

Dr. Liu Wei, Umuyobozi wa R&D ku Kibuye cya Ruifengyuan

Impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga mu bumenyi bw'ibikoresho, ikaba yari inzobere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora amabuye. Yateguye uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye buhuza gushushanya gakondo n'uburyo bwo gukora bwa CNC mu mishinga y'ubwubatsi irenga 180. Yasohoye ubushakashatsi ku miterere y'ibikoresho mu gutunganya amabuye mu kinyamakuru cy'ikoranabuhanga ritunganya ibikoresho.

Mu gutunganya amabuye y’inyubako, irangi ry’ubuso rigaragaza imiterere y’ishusho n’imikorere yayo. Mu buryo bwinshi buboneka, irangi ry’amabuye y’inkongi rifite umwanya udasanzwe—ritanga ubuso bufite imiterere, budashobora kunyerera bugaragaza ubwiza bw’amabuye karemano. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe, bukoreshwa cyane cyane ku mabuye akomeye ya granite n’andi mabuye akomeye, butanga isura igoye kandi igaragara neza ikwiriye imiterere y’inyuma n’imbere. Dukurikije incamake y’ibicuruzwa by’amabuye ya minerval byakozwe na US Geological Survey, granite yari ifite hafi 48% by’amabuye y’ubunini muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 2023, aho irangi ry’ubunini rigaragaza igice kinini cy’imiterere y’inyubako.

Irangi ry'ibuye ryaka ni iki? Ibisobanuro n'uburyo bukoreshwa mu gushyushya

Irangi ry'amabuye ryaka—rizwi kandi ko ari irangi rishyushye cyangwa rishyushye—ni uburyo bwo kuvura ubuso buterwa no gushyira ahagaragaraibuye karemanoku bushyuhe bukabije buri hagati ya 2,000°F na 2,500°F (1,093°C kugeza 1,371°C). Ubu bushyuhe bukabije butera kwaguka vuba kwa kristu, bigatuma ibinyampeke by'amabuye y'agaciro bitandukana kandi bigatanga imiterere igoye kandi idashobora kunyerera cyane.

Ubu buryo busaba uburyo bwihariye bwo gutwika amatara ya propane akoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi bunyura hejuru y’ubuso bw’amabuye ku muvuduko ugenzurwa mu gihe inganda zikuramo ubushyuhe n’imyanda. Abakoresha bagomba kugumana intera ihoraho n’umuvuduko uhoraho mu rugendo kugira ngo bagere ku miterere imwe. Nyuma yo gutwika, gusukura bikuraho uduce duto duto kugira ngo hagaragare ubuso busanzwe bugoye kandi budatanga urumuri bugumana ibara ry’ibuye nta mucyo uryoshye.

Ibikoresho Bikwiriye Gutunganya Ubuso bw'Amabuye Yatse

Amabuye yose karemano ntabwo yakira neza ubushyuhe. Granite iracyari yo ya mbere bitewe n'uko ifite quartz nyinshi na feldspar. Basalt kandi itanga ubuso bwiza iyo itwitswe. Amwe mu moko ya quartzite ashobora kuvurwa, nubwo ibisubizo bitandukanye bitewe n'imiterere y'amabuye. Amabuye afite carbonate nyinshi - marble, limestone, na travertine - calcine cyangwa agahinduka ibara iyo ubushyuhe bukabije, bigatuma adakwiye. Kuri aya mabuye yoroshye, gutwika umucanga cyangwa gusya ibihuru bitanga ubundi buryo bwizewe.

Irangi ry'Amabuye Rifite Umuriro Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bw'Imiterere y'Amabuye Asanzwe. (1)jpg

Uburyo ibuye ry'umukara rigereranywa n'andi mabuye yo hejuru

Irangi risesuye ritanga urumuri rwinshi n'ubujyakuzimu bw'amabara ariko rigaserera iyo ritose, bigatuma rikoreshwa ku nkuta z'imbere no ku meza. Irangi risesuye ritanga ubuso budasa neza kandi bugabanya ibyago byo kunyerera. Irangi risesuye ritanga ubudahangarwa bwinshi mu miterere y'amabuye asanzwe, bigatuma riba amahitamo meza yo gukoresha mu gupagasa hanze, mu bidukikije byo mu kidendezi, no mu nzira z'ubucuruzi. Irangi risesuye mu bihuru ritanga imiterere binyuze mu gucuranga amabuye adashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe. Irangi risesuye mu mucanga ritanga uburebure bushobora guhinduka ariko rishobora kwangirika uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Imikoreshereze y'Ubuso bw'Amabuye Yatse mu Buhanga no mu Buhinzi

Ahantu ho gusiga amabuye inyuma n'aho gutwikira pisine

Imiterere y’amabuye y’umukara itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’imirasire idasanzwe, ndetse n’iyo itose, bigatuma iba nziza cyane ku nzira, inzira z’imihanda, n’ibikikije pisine. Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ya ASTM C1028 agaragaza ko amabuye y’umukara akunze kugera ku gipimo cyo gukururana kirenze 0.8 iyo yumye na 0.6 iyo itose—ari hejuru cyane ugereranyije na 0.5 by’ingenzi ku buso bwo kunyuramo. Ubuso kandi bukomeza gukonja munsi y’izuba ryinshi, kuko imiterere idahwitse ikwirakwiza imirasire y’izuba aho kuyishyira hamwe.

Inzira zo kwinjira mu bucuruzi n'ahantu rusange

Amategeko y’umujyi mu turere twinshi agena agaciro ntarengwa ko kwinjira mu nyubako rusange bidashobora kunyerera, bigatuma granite y’umuriro iba amahitamo yubahiriza amategeko. Ubuso bugoye bushobora kwihanganira kwangirika cyane hatabayeho imiterere y’umuhanda irabagirana. Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bw’ubutaka bakunze kugena amabuye y’umuriro ku ntambwe, aho bagwa, n’aho batekera aho umutekano usaba ubuso bufite imiterere.

Inkuta z'imbere n'ibikikije umuriro

Imitako y'imbere irimo umuriro yarushijeho gukomera ku nkuta zigaragara neza n'ahantu ho gutwikira aho ibara ry'urumuri rigera ku buryo bworoshye. Imiterere yayo ihura n'ibikoresho byoroshye nk'ibirahure n'ibyuma. Ku bijyanye n'ahantu ho gutwika, imiterere y'amabuye idashya hamwe n'ahantu hasanzwe hatunganywa ubushyuhe ikuraho impungenge zo kwangirika k'ubushyuhe. Abashushanya bagomba kwita ku ivumbi ryiyongera mu buso bufite imiterere iyo bagena imitako y'imbere.

Ibisobanuro bya Flamed Finish hamwe n'amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda

ASTM C615 isobanura ibisabwa ku ibuye ry’ingano ya granite, harimo ibipimo ntarengwa ku buso bwaka umuriro: amazi ntarengwa 0.40%, ubucucike ntarengwa 160 lb/ft³, n’imbaraga zo gukanda ntarengwa 19.000 psi. Ikigo cy’Amabuye Kamere gitangaza amabwiriza yo kugena imitako yaka umuriro harimo n’agaciro k’ubukana bw’amabuye. Abashinzwe kugena imitako bagomba kugenzura ko amabuye yaka umuriro yujuje ibisabwa mu mategeko y’inyubako yo mu gace ashingiye kuri aya mahame ngenderwaho y’inganda.

Irangi ry'Amabuye Rifite Umuriro Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bw'Imiterere y'Amabuye Akomeye. (2)

Kuramba no gukora igihe kirekire kw'ibuye rishyushye

Ubushakashatsi bwemeza ko granite y'umuriro igumana imikorere myiza mu gihe cy'imyaka 30 kugeza kuri 50 mu bikorwa byo hanze. Ubushyuhe ntibubangamira imiterere y'inyubako—ihindura gusa milimetero 1 kugeza kuri 3 zo hejuru z'ubuso. Ku birere bikonjesha, ubwoko bwa granite bufite amazi ari munsi ya 0.20% butuma burwanya ubukonje. Gushyiramo neza amazi ahagije n'ubuhaname birinda amazi kwirundanya bishobora kwangiza ubukonje.

Ibicuruzwa n'umutungo bifitanye isano n'amabuye

Ku mishinga isaba imitako ijyanye n'ubuso bushyushye, ibikoresho byo gushushanya amabuye karemano bitanga imitako yuzuzanya. Amahitamo y'amatafari y'amabuye yo gutwika atanga ibara ryiza cyane imbere. Inkingi z'amabuye zubatswe mu bwubatsi zifite imiterere y'ibanze ikora imiterere ihuza neza ihuza ahantu ho hanze n'imbere.

Irangi ry'Amabuye Rifite Umuriro Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bw'Imiterere y'Amabuye Akomeye. (3)

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku bijyanye n'Irangi ry'Amabuye Rifite Umuriro

Q1: Ese irangi ritwikiriye rishobora gushyirwa kuri marble cyangwa limestone mu bikorwa byo hanze?

Ibyuma bishyushye ntibisabwa kuri marble, limestone, cyangwa travertine. Aya mabuye ashingiye kuri karubone ahinduka ibara iyo ashyizwe mu bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 1,000°F. Kugira ngo haboneke imiterere y'ubuso kuri ibi bikoresho, uburyo bwo gukoresha imashini nko gukubita ibihuru cyangwa gutwika umucanga butanga umusaruro mwiza. Granite, basalt, na quartzite nziza ni byo bikomeza kuba ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gutunganya neza umuriro.

Q2: Ni gute granite ishaje igereranywa n'amatafari ya porcelain afite imiterere yo gupakira hanze?

Granite ishyushye irakomera cyane kuko ifite imbaraga zo gukanda zirenga psi 19.000, mu gihe porcelain isanzwe iri hagati ya psi 13.000 na psi 17.000. Ibara ry'umubumbe wa granite karemano risobanura ko ubusaza bw'inyuma butagaragaza ibintu bitandukanye, bitandukanye n'amatafari yashyizwemo irangi. Ariko, porcelain igura hafi 30 kugeza 50% munsi yayo. Amahitamo aterwa n'ingengo y'imari, ibisabwa mu mikorere, n'intego z'igihe kirekire.

Q3: Ni iyihe sano isabwa kugira ngo amabuye y'umuriro ashyirwe hanze?

Ibuye ritwitse risaba gusukurwa buri gihe hakoreshejwe uburoso bukomeye n'isabune idakoresha amabuye kugira ngo ukureho imyanda yafatiwe ku buso bukozweho. Gukoresha agakoresho ko gufunga buri myaka 2 kugeza kuri 3 birinda irangi. Gukaraba ku ngufu ku muvuduko muto (800 kugeza 1.200 psi) bikuraho neza umwanda wirundanyije nta kwangirika k'ubuso. Imashini zo gusukura zirimo aside zigomba kwirindwa kuko zishobora gusya ibuye cyangwa kwangiza imikorere yaryo.

Q4: Ese irangi ryaka rihenze kurusha granite irangi?

Irangi rishyushye rikunze kongeraho 15 kugeza kuri 25% ku giciro cyo gukora bitewe n'ibikoresho byihariye bikenewe ndetse n'umusaruro ugabanuka. Iyi gahunda isaba abakora ibikoresho by'inzobere n'umwuka uhagije. Isesengura ry'ubuzima rikunze gufasha irangi rishyushye mu bikorwa byo hanze aho umutekano wongereweho ukuraho gukenera imiti igabanya ubunyerere. Amafaranga yo kubungabunga arangana hagati y'irangi ryombi.

Q5: Ese inzira yo gutwika amabuye igabanya ubuziranenge bw'imiterere yayo?

Iyo bikozwe neza ku bikoresho bikwiye, gutwika ntibibangamira imiterere y'inyubako. Guturika kw'ubushyuhe bigarukira kuri milimetero 1 kugeza kuri 3 zo hejuru y'ubuso. Isuzuma rya ASTM ryimbitse ryemeza ko granite ishyushye neza igumana imiterere yayo ya mbere yo gukanda no gukomera. Ubujyakuzimu bw'ubushyuhe buterwa n'igihe umuriro umara n'uburyo ubushyuhe bw'amabuye butwara.

Ikibazo cya 6: Ese amabuye y'inkongi ashobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'uburyo bwo gushyushya hasi butanga imirasire?

Ibuye ry'umuriro rikora neza iyo rishyushye cyane. Ubushyuhe bwa granite bufata ubushyuhe neza kandi bugakomeza ubushyuhe, mu gihe ubuso bufite imiterere butuma ubushyuhe burushaho koroha ugereranije n'amatafari yoroshye. Imiterere mito (12 kugeza kuri 15 mm) irasabwa kugira ngo ubushyuhe burusheho koroha. Guhindura ubushyuhe mu buryo bw'imirasire ntibigira ingaruka ku kuramba cyangwa imiterere ya granite y'umuriro.

Umwanzuro

Irangi ry'amabuye ashaje ritanga uruvange rwihariye rw'ubwiza bukomeye, ubwiza budasanzwe bwo kudacika intege, no kuramba igihe kirekire ku buryo ubundi buryo buke bwo gutunganya ubuso bushobora kumera. Byaba byagenewe guparika hanze, kwinjira mu bucuruzi, cyangwa inkuta z'imbere, granite ishaje itanga igisubizo cy'ubwubatsi n'abashushanya gikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye kandi gikurikiza amategeko, kandi kigakora neza mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo. Binyuze mu gusobanukirwa inzira y'ubushyuhe, guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye, no gukurikiza amabwiriza y'inganda, abashushanya bashobora gukoresha ubushobozi bwose bw'iri rirangi ry'amabuye ridasanzwe mu mushinga wabo utaha.